Thursday, October 13, 2016

Application of Theory for Case Studies #1

Based on case study 1, behavioral theory can be applied to cope with patients who do not want to make changes in their lifestyle. Behavioral theory is suggested by Skinner, which he more specifically named it as operant conditioning. Behavioral theory focuses on the leading factor to an action and the result or consequences of performing the action (McLeod, 2015). Skinner believed that the consequences will largely affect one to repeat or not repeat the particular action or behavior. 

In this case, positive reinforcement can be applied. Positive reinforcement is referred to the strengthening of good behavior by rewarding a person (McLeod, 2015). When the patient refrains himself from smoking or drinking alcohol, the physician can award or praise him with the thing he like. The happiness of getting reward may be a motivation for him to stop smoking or drinking alcohol. 

Next, positive punishment can also be used. Punishment is used to reduce undesirable behavior. However, it is not encouraged because there might be negative side effects. For example, punishment can lead to aggression or delinquent behavior. 

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